The operating environment of new energy vehicles is complex and diverse, from hot deserts to freezing polar regions, from humid coastal areas to dry inland plateaus. Different environmental conditions have a significant impact on the performance and life of new energy batteries. Therefore, environmental adaptability testing of new energy batteries has become a key link in ensuring battery reliability and normal vehicle operation.

High temperature testing is one of the important items of environmental adaptability testing. In a high temperature environment, the chemical reaction inside the battery will accelerate, which may lead to a decrease in battery performance, shortened life, and even potential safety hazards. By placing the battery in a high temperature box, simulating the use conditions in a high temperature environment, the battery's charge and discharge performance, capacity retention rate, internal resistance change, and safety indicators at different high temperatures are tested. For example, at 40°C, 50°C or even higher temperatures, observe the changes in battery voltage and current, and whether there are abnormal conditions such as bulging and leakage, to ensure that the battery can still maintain stable performance and safety in a high temperature environment.

Low temperature testing should not be ignored either. In a cold environment, the chemical reaction rate of the battery slows down, the battery's charging and discharging efficiency will be greatly reduced, and the cruising range will be significantly shortened. The low temperature test simulates the use scenario in a low temperature environment by placing the battery in a low temperature box, and detects the battery's starting performance, charging and discharging capabilities, internal resistance changes, etc. under different low temperature conditions. For example, in low temperature environments such as -20℃ and -30℃, test whether the battery can start the vehicle normally, whether the charging time will be greatly extended, and whether the discharge capacity will be significantly reduced, etc., to evaluate the battery's adaptability and reliability in low temperature environments.

Humidity testing is to detect the impact of different humidity environments on batteries. A high humidity environment may cause condensation of water on the battery surface, which may lead to battery corrosion and short circuit problems; while a low humidity environment may cause the electrolyte inside the battery to volatilize, affecting battery performance. By controlling the humidity conditions in the humidity chamber and simulating the use of different humidity environments, the insulation performance, appearance changes, electrical performance and other indicators of the battery in high and low humidity environments are tested to ensure that the battery can work normally under various humidity conditions.

In addition, salt spray testing is also part of environmental adaptability testing, which is mainly used to simulate the corrosion resistance of batteries in special environments such as coastal areas or road salting and snow removal. In a salt spray environment, the battery surface may be corroded by salt spray, causing metal parts to rust and corrode, which in turn affects the performance and safety of the battery. Through the salt spray test, the corrosion resistance of the battery in a salt spray environment is tested to ensure that the battery can operate stably and for a long time in a harsh corrosive environment.

Through comprehensive environmental adaptability testing, we can fully understand the performance and potential problems of new energy batteries under different environmental conditions, provide a scientific basis for the design, production and use of batteries, ensure that new energy batteries can work stably under various complex environmental conditions, and provide strong guarantees for the reliable operation of new energy vehicles.